Psilocybe

Several rigorous studies have been conducted on psilocybin therapy. These have studied its effectiveness for treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety and depression in patients with cancer diagnoses, tobacco addiction, and alcohol use disorder. All of the studies showed clinical efficacy and none reported clinically significant adverse effects. Further studies are underway as of 2020 with improved study designs and larger sample sizes. Therapeutic effects of psychedelics such as psilocybin on a range of mental pathologies appear to be explained by changes at the level of molecular genetics, in turn triggering neuronal activity, causing entropic brain activity and thereby mystical experiences. Psilocybin may be glutamatergic and influence neurotransmission in prefrontal-limbic circuits of the brain, causing neuroplastic changes that bring long-lasting antidepressant effects. Many aspects of the biological mechanisms of therapeutic effects caused by psilocybin remain uncertain.